Fictional worked example

Find a fixed-fee increase in the bill lines

The fixed service fee rises from USD 8 to USD 14 while usage stays at 200 kWh. Does that USD 6 increase explain the entire bill change?

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Inputs and calculation

Service fee rises to 14
Tool inputValue
CurrencyUSD
UtilityElectricity (kWh)
Previous usage200
Current usage200
Previous flat rate (USD/unit)0.22
Current flat rate (USD/unit)0.22
Previous bill (USD)52
Current bill (USD)58

Usage: (200 − 200) × 0.22 = 0. Rate: 200 × (0.22 − 0.22) = 0. Actual bill difference: 58 − 52 = 6. Residual: 6 − (0 + 0) = 6. All effects are in USD.

Tool result · USD 6.00

Fee stays at 8
Tool inputValue
CurrencyUSD
UtilityElectricity (kWh)
Previous usage200
Current usage200
Previous flat rate (USD/unit)0.22
Current flat rate (USD/unit)0.22
Previous bill (USD)52
Current bill (USD)52

Usage: (200 − 200) × 0.22 = 0. Rate: 200 × (0.22 − 0.22) = 0. Actual bill difference: 52 − 52 = 0. Residual: 0 − (0 + 0) = 0. All effects are in USD.

Tool result · USD 0.00

What the comparison shows

The residual equals the independently observed 6 fee increase. There is no modeled rate or usage effect.

Assumptions and limits

The identification of the fee comes from the line item. A matching residual alone would not prove the source.

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